{"id":11889,"date":"2023-03-16T11:01:00","date_gmt":"2023-03-16T08:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.8digi.com\/the-ultimate-guide-to-mastering-the-command-line\/"},"modified":"2024-06-06T08:03:09","modified_gmt":"2024-06-06T05:03:09","slug":"the-ultimate-guide-to-mastering-the-command-line","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.8digi.com\/ar\/the-ultimate-guide-to-mastering-the-command-line\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 Command Line"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 Command Line \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0643 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0646\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 Command Line.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#introduction\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 Command Line<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#basic-commands\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#viewing-and-editing-files\">\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#managing-processes\">\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#network-commands\">\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#permissions-and-ownership\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#finding-files-and-text\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#archiving-and-compression\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#using-package-managers\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#advanced-commands\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#scripting-with-bash\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Bash<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#advanced-file-operations\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#system-monitoring-and-management\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#network-configuration\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#version-control\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Git<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cron-jobs\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <code>cron<\/code> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#managing-users-and-groups\">\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#tmux\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <code>tmux<\/code><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#security-and-encryption\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#containers-with-docker\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Docker<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#text-manipulation\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#performance-monitoring\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#continuous-learning\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0661. \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 Command Line<a id=\"introduction\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 Command Line \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643. \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631. \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 Windows \u0623\u0648 Mac \u0623\u0648 Linux\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Windows<\/strong>: \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062d <code>Command Prompt<\/code> \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 <code>cmd<\/code> \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mac\/Linux<\/strong>: \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062d <code>Terminal<\/code> \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \/ \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <code>Ctrl + Alt + T<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0662. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 <a id=\"basic-commands\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>pwd<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-799b39f837b612a110ebe1bf44ebebb8\">  <code>pwd<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>ls<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-0c7b4f4749601d6a53d2f95421a51a03\">  <code>ls<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>cd<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-7ad7de8e779178738190b8e3a17ad75e\">  <code>cd directory_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-a566bb90abebe751e94a5f7c8c7ba201\">  <code>cd ..<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-f7aa74d7c2ba7714d9fa74298bf18d33\">  <code>cd ~<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:18px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>mkdir<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-0277a8894df2556da8ca08ee974b21a8\">  <code>mkdir new_directory<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>touch<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-2b422b30bdcc920b045fa3f439acbc50\">  <code>touch new_file.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>cp<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-478e3d4cd3e01a97d1c00d26d6f4a27b\">  <code>cp source_file destination<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>mv<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-7e2f427d37464dcd565094676d3e9099\">  <code>mv source_file destination<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>rm<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-a4846629ec9c878c92f7522cc92e3b3e\">  <code>rm file_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-09528a4c1f3a190141ee9e8b5fbe4ae0\">  <code>rm -r directory_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0663. \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 <a id=\"viewing-and-editing-files\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>cat<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-ff64cb0353f955d758de8896ab9e28c8\">  <code>cat file_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>nano<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a (\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a Mac \u0648Linux).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-6f3f5dc07936c5bdd816404387be206c\">  <code>nano file_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>type<\/code><\/strong> (Windows): \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-07b9eb75b0dd0950307ce76fd76e737f\">  <code>type file_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0664. \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a <a id=\"managing-processes\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>ps<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-b6704004a667b6b6cc3043377289e939\">  <code>ps<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>top<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Linux\/Mac).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-f672cffc5c1efd65024088ea274320b6\">  <code>top<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>tasklist<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Windows).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-378cfdbde2cdb9ad8f569e8a65067711\">  <code>tasklist<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0665. \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 <a id=\"network-commands\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>ping<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-cdb31530cd464eba8d6e751e019463e0\">  <code>ping example.com<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>ifconfig<\/code><\/strong> (Linux\/Mac) \/ <strong><code>ipconfig<\/code><\/strong> (Windows): \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-99da5b063eca94e7b735d5b69d8a4a6a\">  <code>ifconfig<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-6d44f4a081baacaea6ef839ff3cdf10d\">  <code>ipconfig<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0666. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 <a id=\"permissions-and-ownership\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>chmod<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0630\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-79b1b7e40c425596bef03510295dc3a1\">  <code>chmod 755 file_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>chown<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a (Linux\/Mac).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-ac4e4cc7e152b8199fa1c441400aae8b\">  <code>chown user:group file_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0667. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 <a id=\"finding-files-and-text\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>find<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-c816acd558fde0e33734cf9bcb2816e2\">  <code>find . -name file_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>grep<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-4c9fc9361a6b5b647de4ba01a3a177bf\">  <code>grep 'search_text' file_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0668. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 <a id=\"archiving-and-compression\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>tar<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-ec997defc7e2ec76d860f26e1485d7ef\">  <code>tar -czvf archive_name.tar.gz directory_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>gzip<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-7e23bef72820e730d3e6935848e89f72\">  <code>gzip file_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0669. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645 <a id=\"using-package-managers\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>apt-get<\/code><\/strong> (Debian\/Ubuntu): \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-ab7e688ca0950d82c171476fa9002f70\">  <code>sudo apt-get install package_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>yum<\/code><\/strong> (RHEL\/CentOS): \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-2bab166b82cac22297c6536068fda157\">  <code>sudo yum install package_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>brew<\/code><\/strong> (Mac): \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-cb6b799a4f2754c837a4e0a86001c822\">  <code>brew install package_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0661\u0660. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 <a id=\"advanced-commands\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>ssh<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-4b5ba6e424c4480e25725ea947bc3b34\">  <code>ssh user@hostname<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>curl<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-042c072c6edfa7dce4335fab81b6047d\">  <code>curl -O http:\/\/example.com\/file<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>wget<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-ba46f44c934aa91a4b7da50b8486d2ac\">  <code>wget http:\/\/example.com\/file<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0661\u0661. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Bash <a id=\"scripting-with-bash\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0635 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f <code>.sh<\/code>:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-8bf2edcc13155ff1256adf8f00cbad82\">  <code>touch script.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\">\n<li>\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 <code>nano<\/code>):<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-d40b8478ba46436250b1335c80fe1e5f\">  <code>nano script.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"3\">\n<li>\u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-0b96c5e11839652f3e3af7d566a20e20\">  <code>#!\/bin\/bash\n   echo \"Hello, World!\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"4\">\n<li>\u0627\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631. \u0627\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-644e937a5567e5abfbb974797f9e3012\">  <code>chmod +x script.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"5\">\n<li>\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-1c233b7e90c00aa33d86fc1eac2769b5\">  <code>.\/script.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-8bc87d28aea033c2e18b28d422cc0114\">  <code>#!\/bin\/bash\n\n# \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\nSOURCE=\"\/path\/to\/source\"\nDESTINATION=\"\/path\/to\/destination\/backup-$(date +%F).tar.gz\"\n\n# \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\ntar -czvf $DESTINATION $SOURCE\n\n# \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629\necho \"Backup created at $DESTINATION\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0661\u0662. \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 <a id=\"advanced-file-operations\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>find<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-44bf353ebeb5cd23cb51cdb8c60d0b4c\">  <code>find \/path\/to\/search -name \"file_name\"\n  find \/path\/to\/search -type d  # \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629\n  find \/path\/to\/search -type f  # \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\n  find \/path\/to\/search -mtime -7  # \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 7 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>grep<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-43747952dee39063f27a710e765dfb9a\">  <code>grep \"pattern\" file_name\n  grep -r \"pattern\" \/path\/to\/search  # \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\n  grep -i \"pattern\"\n\n file_name  # \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0641\n  grep -n \"pattern\" file_name  # \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0661\u0663. \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 <a id=\"system-monitoring-and-management\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>df<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-a79c3f3f47495529d4cb383113dd5b67\">  <code>df -h  # \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>du<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-b99186a9abed7a26ccc00df0c3fff473\">  <code>du -sh \/path\/to\/directory  # \u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>ps<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-83d22079d6090afe875b91be202c54ed\">  <code>ps aux  # \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>kill<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0646\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-d6ad76718c884901c67a3e81eea6f785\">  <code>kill process_id\n  kill -9 process_id  # \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>tail<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-b59e264898e267c5151488e33359c01c\">  <code>tail -f \/var\/log\/syslog  # \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>dmesg<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-6001843f6f2545824015f6826972da5b\">  <code>dmesg | less<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0661\u0664. \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a <a id=\"network-configuration\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>ifconfig<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 (Linux\/Mac).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-99da5b063eca94e7b735d5b69d8a4a6a\">  <code>ifconfig<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>ip<\/code><\/strong>: \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0640 <code>ifconfig<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-4d7c3c0de1047bb89abd32b9e1f5ac6d\">  <code>ip addr show<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>netstat<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-9c26e155be55e8efc62ba327b8799b84\">  <code>netstat -tuln  # \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>wget<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-ba46f44c934aa91a4b7da50b8486d2ac\">  <code>wget http:\/\/example.com\/file<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>curl<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-042c072c6edfa7dce4335fab81b6047d\">  <code>curl -O http:\/\/example.com\/file<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0661\u0665. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Git <a id=\"version-control\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639 Git \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-a3439addbc28d7d7e6cb3bb26562d9cf\">  <code>git init<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\">\n<li>\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-c7a3f3ce194cf58315d7376ddc27db02\">  <code>git add file_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"3\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-c68dbb8bce121fc6a568c540102cdc7f\">  <code>git commit -m \"Initial commit\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062e \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062e \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-45670c4f1ce61bbefdde6c8831a2770a\">  <code>git clone https:\/\/github.com\/user\/repository.git<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-843e5801257169c9be7218f8d3371853\">  <code>git checkout -b new_branch<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-323122fefc108249cf5c074bd5e58b57\">  <code>git merge branch_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0661\u0666. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <code>cron<\/code> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 <a id=\"cron-jobs\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>cron<\/code><\/strong>: \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0640 Unix.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 <code>cron<\/code><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631 crontab:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-cb530f869cc28be2b08dd53f7258eb8d\">  <code>crontab -e<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\">\n<li>\u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-de434b3663f5e51db4906b4e4da0e9a7\">  <code>* * * * * \/path\/to\/command  # \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\n   0 0 * * * \/path\/to\/command  # \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0661\u0667. \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a <a id=\"managing-users-and-groups\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>useradd<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-56a82668fedbfd52f5e01e8c179414fd\">  <code>sudo useradd username<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>passwd<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-943f6cb34b19f3f71d9b62657e299b6c\">  <code>sudo passwd username<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>groupadd<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-fe9bfe77cd2865c27dfba42711360dd4\">  <code>sudo groupadd groupname<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>usermod<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-b443f69be9d8cbc46a47329a9d89a50b\">  <code>sudo usermod -aG groupname username<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0661\u0668. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <code>tmux<\/code> <a id=\"tmux\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>tmux<\/code><\/strong>: \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 <code>tmux<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-ed26dc88eca0efaa31890b80cc253750\">  <code>tmux<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-3880872a1c1935f9b72d0ba68e28cef4\">  <code>Ctrl+b, d<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-b4eb8c2d0db94f31c875d3455ed00014\">  <code>tmux ls<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-4078bdfc320f3f704d7ecf3be76de5cf\">  <code>tmux attach-session -t session_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0661\u0669. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 <a id=\"security-and-encryption\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <code>gpg<\/code> \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>gpg<\/code><\/strong>: \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-d390c89351b29b713072af15d7a5e1ab\">  <code># \u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0641\n  gpg -c file_name\n\n  # \u0641\u0643 \u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0641\n  gpg file_name.gpg<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <code>ssh-keygen<\/code> \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d SSH<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>ssh-keygen<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d SSH.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-d6ebe3348ac90acd27372fb426048379\">  <code>ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C \"your_email@example.com\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-b2660bc56d4ac2d23667ec482256bc6a\">  <code>ssh-copy-id user@hostname<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0662\u0660. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Docker <a id=\"containers-with-docker\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 Docker \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>docker<\/code><\/strong>: \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-5b1306bbc2c7e201898bc842791b0c2b\">  <code># \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\n  docker run -it ubuntu\n\n  # \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\n  docker ps\n\n  # \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\n  docker stop container_id\n\n  # \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\n  docker rm container_id\n\n  # \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\n  docker images\n\n  # \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\n  docker pull image_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0662\u0661. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 <a id=\"text-manipulation\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <code>sort<\/code>, <code>uniq<\/code>, \u0648 <code>wc<\/code><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>sort<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0632 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-5a3bb6a5e69489506c0330e371c050f6\">  <code>sort file_name\n  sort -r file_name  # \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>uniq<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-e6d67d66a489605ec22eff3841dc13e4\">  <code>sort file_name | uniq<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>wc<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0641.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-ab166f9a9e6c2fe09f58acd145976576\">  <code>wc file_name\n  wc -l file_name  # \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0631\n  wc -w file_name  # \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\n  wc -c file_name  # \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0662\u0662. \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 <a id=\"performance-monitoring\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <code>htop<\/code><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>htop<\/code><\/strong>: \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-425ce95f8c488b79948dca91de84b145\">  <code>htop<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <code>du<\/code><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>du<\/code><\/strong>: \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-db53cbb5ce4145e2d0d8dfc2e91b4918\">  <code>du -h --max-depth=1  # \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0662\u0663. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 <a id=\"continuous-learning\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 Command Line\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631 <code>man<\/code> \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641<\/strong>: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631 <code>man<\/code> \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-d9c3a8a2092b3497d4cb95cd4d48f2aa\">  <code>man command_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 Command Line \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0643 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 Command Line \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11887,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[122,367],"tags":[447,446,448],"class_list":["post-11889","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles-ar","category-learn-ar","tag-basic-commands-ar","tag-advanced-commands-ar","tag-command-line-ar"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.8digi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11889","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.8digi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.8digi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.8digi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.8digi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11889"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.8digi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11889\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.8digi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11887"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.8digi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11889"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.8digi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11889"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.8digi.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11889"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}